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r1245x series a ec-q100 grade 2 certifi e d 1.2 a, 30 v step down dc/dc conver ter for automotive applications no. ec-269 -1403 1 1 1 outline the r1 245x i s a step-d o wn dc/ dc con v erter with int e rnal n-ch an nel high side tr. that is de veloped with cmos p r o c e ss t e chn o logy . the on re si st an ce of the built-in hig h -side tran sisto r is 0.35 and the r124 5x can provide the m a ximum 1.2 a out put current. each of the ics consist s of an oscillator, a pwm control ci rcuit, a voltage refe re nce u n it, an erro r amplifie r, a phase com pen sation ci rcuit, a slope compen satio n circuit, a soft-start circuit, prote c tion circuits, a n internal voltage reg u lato r, and a switch for boot stra p circuit. the ics can ma ke up a step-do wn dc/dc co nvert e r with an in d u cto r , re sisto r s, a diode, an d ca p a citors. the r1 245x i s a cu rrent mode op erati n g type dc/dc conve r ter without an exte rnal cu rrent se nse resi sto r , and reali z e s fast resp on se an d high effici ency. as an outp u t ca pac i tor, a c e ramic type c a pac i tor can be us ed with the r12 45x. the option s of the internal o scill ator freq uen cy are pre s et a t 330 khz for versio n a and b, 500 khz for versio n c an d d, 1000 khz for version e and f, 240 0 khz for version g a nd h. as for protect i on, an lx pe ak current lim it circuit cy cle by cycle, a thermal shut do wn fun c tion a nd an un der volt age lo cko u t (uvlo ) fu nction a r e bui lt in. furthermore, the r e a r e two type s for sh ort p r ote c tion, for a/c/ e/g versio n, a latch protectio n function which make s the output latch o f f if t he output volt age kee p s lowe r than the set output volt ag e for a ce rt ain time af ter detecting curre n t limit is built i n , for b/d/f/h ve rsion, a fol d -ba c k protection function whi c h cha nge s th e oscillator freque ncy sl ower af ter d e tecting sho r t circuit or equival ent. as for the p a ckage s of the r124 5x, hsop-8e and dfn20 2 0 - 8 are available. fea t ures input v o lt age ran ge (m aximum ra tin g ) 4. 5 v to 30 v (32 v) oper ating t e mper ature ? 40 c to 105c internal n - ch annel mo sf et driv er r on = 0.35 ty p . adjust a b le o u tput v o lt age with external re sisto r 0.8 v or more feedb ack v ol t age an d t o l e ran c e 0.8 v 1.0% peak c u r r ent limi t t y p. 2.0 a uvlo fu ncti on rel e a s ed v o lt age t y p. 4.0 v operating freque ncy 330 kh z (a /b version ) , 500 kh z ( c /d ver s ion ) , 1000 khz (e/ f versio n), 24 00 khz (g/h versio n) fold- b a ck pr otected f r eq uen cy 170 kh z (b /d version ) , 250 kh z (f ver s i on), 400 khz (h v ersi o n ) latch pr otecti on del a y t i me t y p. 4 ms for a/c/e/g v e rsi o n built-in the r mal shut do w n cir c uit t y p. 160 c cerami c ca p a citors reco mmend ed for input and ou tput s t and- by cur r ent t y p. 0 a pack age s hsop- 8 e, dfn20 2 0 - 8 aec-q 100 c e rtified prod u c t package t y pe hsop- 8 e appli c a t ions powe r so urce for car a c ce ssori e s in clu d i ng ca r audi o equipm ent, car navigatio n system, an d etc syste m . powe r so urce for control un it s incl udin g ev inverter a nd ch arg e co ntrol. http://
r1245x no. ec-269 -1403 1 1 2 block diagrams *1 v e rsion oscillator frequenc y short protection t y pe a 330 khz latch b 330 khz fold-back c 500 khz latch d 500 khz fold-back e 1000 khz latch f 1000 khz fold-back g 2400 khz latch h 2400 khz fold-back
r1245x no. ec-269 -1403 1 1 3 selecti o n guide in the r1245 x, the p a cka g e , type of short prote c tion ( latch o r fold -ba c k), and the oscillato r frequ en cy can be sele cted with the use r ? s req uest. product na me packag e quan tit y per reel pb free haloge n fre e aec-q1 00 r1245s003 ? -e2-#e hsop-8e 1,000 pcs yes yes yes r12 45l 003 ? -tr - ae dfn202 0-8 3,000 p c s yes yes ? : design atio n of the oscill ator freq uen cy and the prot ection fun c tio n option. s y mbol oscillator frequenc y latch protection fold- back protection a 330 khz 9 b 330 khz 9 c 500 khz 9 d 500 khz 9 e 1000 khz 9 f 1000 khz 9 g 2400 khz 9 h 2400 khz 9 #: desi gnate d automotive cla ss cod e opera t ing t e mpera t ure rang e guara nte ed specs tempera t ure range screening a ? 40c to 105c 25c high temperature j ? 40c to 105c ? 40c to 105c high a nd low temperature automotive cl ass co de (a, j) vari es d e p endin g on the packag e and function. packag e function automotiv e class code a j hsop- 8 e a, b, g, h 9 9 c, d, e, f 9 dfn 202 0- 8 a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h 9
r1245x no. ec-269 -1403 1 1 4 pin descriptions ? hsop-8e ? dfn202 0-8 t o p v i e w b o t t o m v i e w t o p v i e w b o t t o m v i e w 8 7 6 5 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 4 3 2 1 8 7 6 5 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 4 3 2 1 z hsop-8e pin no. sy mbol des c ription 1 l x l x switching pin 2 v in power supply pin 3 ce chip enable pin (active with ?h?) 4 test test pin (must be open for user side.) 5 gnd *1 ground pin 6 fb feedback pin 7 nc no connection 8 bst bootstrap pin *1 connect the backside heat radiation tab to gnd or same as gnd level (recommendation). the tab is connected to the gnd pin. z dfn2020-8 pin no. sy mbol des c ription 1 l x l x switching pin 2 v in power supply pin 3 v in power supply pin 4 ce chip enable pin (active with ?h?) 5 gnd *2 ground pin 6 fb feedback pin 7 test test pin (must be open for user side) 8 bst bootstrap pin *2 connect the backside heat radiation tab to gnd or same as gnd level (recommendation). the tab is connected to the gnd pin. *2 *1
r1245x no. ec-269 -1403 1 1 5 absolute maxmum ra tings ( g n d = 0 v ) sy m bol item ratin g unit v in input voltage ? 0.3 to 32 v v bst bst pin voltage v lx - 0.3 to v lx + 6 v v lx l x pin voltage ? 0.3 to v in + 0.3 v v ce ce pin input voltage ? 0.3 to v in + 0.3 v v fb feedback pin voltage ? 0.3 to 6 v p d powe r di ssi p a tion (ultra high wattage land pattern) *1 hsop-8e 3600 mw power dissipation (standard land pattern) *1 dfn2020-8 1100 tj junction temperature ? 40 to 150 c t stg storage temperature range ? 55 to 150 c *1 refer to package information for detai led i n form ation. absolute maximum ratings electron ic and mechanic a l stress momentaril y e x cee d e d absolute ma xim u m ratings ma y cause the perma nent dama ges a nd ma y d egr ad e the lifetim e an d safet y for bot h devic e an d s y s t em using the devic e in the fi eld. t he functional oper ation at or over these a b s o lute ma ximum ratings is not a ssured. recommended opera t ing conditions sy m bol item ratin g unit v in input voltage 4.5 to 30 v ta operating temperature range ? 40 to 105 c recommended operating conditions all of electronic equipment should be designed that the mounted semico nductor devices operate within the recommended operating conditions. the semiconductor devic es cannot operate normally over the recommended operating conditions, even if when they are used over such conditions by momentary electronic noise or surge. and the semiconductor devices may receive serious damage when th ey continue to operate over the recommended operating conditions.
r1245x no. ec-269 -1403 1 1 6 electri cal characteristi cs v in = 12 v , unless otherwi se noted. the sp ecifi c a t ions surrou n ded by are gua ra nteed by de sig n engin eeri n g at ?40c ta 10 5 c. r12 45x003x -ae (t a = 25 c) sy mbol item conditio n s min. typ . max. unit i in v in consumpt ion cu rrent v in = 30 v, v fb = 1.0 v 0.5 1.80 ma v uv l o 1 uvlo detect voltage falling 3.55 v uv l o 2 -0.2 v uv l o 2 -0.05 v v uv l o 2 uvlo relea s ed voltage risi ng 3.75 4.0 4.25 v v fb v fb voltage tolerance ta = 25 c 0.792 0.800 0.808 v ?40 c ta 105 c 0.781 0.819 f osc oscillator frequency versi on a/b ta = 25 c 300 330 360 kh z ?40 c ta 105 c 280 380 versi on c/d ta = 25 c 450 500 550 ?40 c ta 105 c 430 590 versi on e/f ta = 25 c 900 1000 1 10 0 ?40 c ta 105 c 870 1140 versi on g/h ta = 25 c 2200 2400 2600 ?40 c ta 105 c 2150 2650 f flb fold-back frequency versi on b v fb < 0.56 v 170 kh z versi on d v fb < 0.56 v 170 versi on f v fb < 0.56 v 250 versi on h v fb < 0.56 v 400 maxduty oscillator maximum. duty cycle vers ion a/b 91 % versi on c/ d 91 vers ion e/f 86 versi on g/h 74 ts ta r t soft-s t art time v fb = 0.72 v 1.0 ms t dl y delay time f o r latch prot ection versi on a/g 4 ms
r1245x no. ec-269 -1403 1 1 7 v in = 12 v , unless otherwi se noted. the sp ecifi c a t ions surrou n ded by are gua ra nteed by de sig n engin eeri n g at ?40c ta 10 5 c. r12 45x003x -ae (t a = 25 c) sy mbol item conditio n s min. typ . max. unit r lx h l x high side switch o n resi stan ce v bst - v lx = 4.5 v 0.35 i lxhoff l x high side switch leakage current v in = 30 v, v ce = 0 v 0 5.0 a i lim l x h l x high side switch limite d curre n t v bst - v lx = 4.5 v 1.2 2.0 a v ce l ce ?l? in put voltage v in = 30 v 0.3 v v ceh ce ?h? input voltage v in = 30 v 1.6 v i fb v fb input current v in = 30 v, v fb = 1.0 v ?0.3 0 0.3 a i cel ce ?l? input current v in = 30 v, v ce = 0 v ?0.3 0 0.3 a i ceh ce ?h? input current v in = 30 v, v ce = 30 v ?0.3 0 0.3 a i standby standby current v in = 30 v 0 5.0 a all of units are tested an d spe c ified u n d e r loa d cond itio ns su ch as t j t a = 25c.
r1245x no. ec-269 -1403 1 1 8 v in = 12 v , unless otherwi se noted. r12 45x003x -je (?40 c ta 10 5 c) sy mbol item conditio ns min. typ . max. unit i in v in consumption current v in = 30 v, v fb = 1.0 v 0.5 1.80 ma v uvlo1 uvlo detect voltage falling 3.55 v uv l o 2 -0.2 v uv l o 2 -0.05 v v uvlo2 uvlo released voltage rising 3.75 4.0 4.25 v v fb v fb voltage tolera nce ta = 25 c 0.792 0.800 0.808 v ?40 c ta 105 c 0.781 0.819 f osc oscillator f r e quen cy versi on a/b ta = 25 c 300 330 360 kh z ?40 c ta 105 c 280 380 versi on g/h ta = 25 c 2200 2400 2600 ?40 c ta 105 c 2150 2650 f flb fold-ba ck f r eque ncy versi on b v fb < 0.56 v 170 kh z versi on h v fb < 0.56 v 400 maxduty oscillator m a ximum. duty cycle vers ion a/b 91 % versi on g/h 74 t st art soft-s t art time v fb = 0.72 v 1.0 ms t dl y delay time f o r latch prot ection versi on a/g 4 ms r lx h l x high side switch o n resi stan ce v bst - v lx = 4.5 v 0.35 i lxhoff l x high side switch leakage current v in = 30 v, v ce = 0 v 0 5.0 a i lim l x h l x high side switch limite d curre n t v bst - v lx = 4.5 v 1.2 2.0 a v ce l ce ?l? in put voltage v in = 30 v 0.3 v v ce h ce ?h? input voltage v in = 30 v 1.6 v i fb v fb input current v in = 30 v, v fb =1.0 v ?0.3 0 0.3 a i cel ce ?l? input current v in = 30 v, v ce = 0 v ?0.3 0 0.3 a i ceh ce ?h? input current v in = 30 v, v ce = 30 v ?0.3 0 0.3 a i standby standby current v in = 30 v 0 5.0 a
r1245x no. ec-269 -1403 1 1 9 typical appli c a t io n r12 45x 00x a/b 330 k h z v out = 1.2 v v in = 24 v r1 6k r2 12k v in 24 v c in 10 f c spd 47 0p f c bs t 0. 4 7 f l 10 h c ou t 47 f r ce 10 k ( r ec om m end e d ) v in fb te s t gn d bs t lx ce ?h ? a c t i v e d r1 6k r2 12 k v in 24 v c in 10 f c spd 47 0p f c bs t 0. 4 7 f l 10 h c ou t 47 f r ce 10 k ( r ec om m end e d ) v in fb te s t gn d bs t lx ce ?h ? a c t i v e d r12 45x 00x c/d 500 k h z v out = 3.3 v v in = 24 v r1 3.75 k r2 1.2k v in 24v c in 10 f c sp d 10 00 pf c bs t 0.47 f l 10 h c ou t 22 f r ce 10 k ( r ec om m en de d) v in fb te s t gn d bs t lx ce ?h ? a c t i v e d r1 3.75 k r2 1. 2 k v in 24 v c in 10 f c sp d 10 00 pf c bs t 0.47 f l 10 h c ou t 22 f r ce 10 k ( r ec om m en de d) v in fb te s t gn d bs t lx ce ?h ? a c t i v e d *test pin must be op en.
r1245x no. ec-269 -1403 1 1 10 r12 45x 00xe/ f 1000 k h z v out = 3.3 v v in = 12 v r1 3.75k r2 1.2k v in 12 v c in 4. 7 f c spd 47 0 pf c bs t 0.47 f l 4.7 h c ou t 10 f r ce 10 k ( r e c om m e nde d) v in fb te s t gn d bs t lx ce ?h ?a c t i v e d r1 3. 75 k r2 1.2k v in 12v c in 4. 7 f c spd 47 0 pf c bs t 0.47 f l 4.7 h c ou t 10 f r ce 10 k ( r e c om m e nde d) v in fb te s t gn d bs t lx ce ?h ?a c t i v e d r12 45x 00x g / h 2400 k h z v out = 5.0 v v in = 12 v r1 6.3k r2 1.2k v in 12v c in 2.2 f c spd 47 0 pf c bs t 0.47 f l 2.2 h c ou t 4. 7 f r ce 10 k ( r e c om m e nde d) v in fb te s t gn d bs t lx ce ?h ?a c t i v e d r1 6. 3k r2 1.2k v in 12 v c in 2.2 f c spd 47 0 pf c bs t 0.47 f l 2.2 h c ou t 4. 7 f r ce 10 k ( r e c om m e nde d) v in fb te s t gn d bs t lx ce ?h ?a c t i v e d *test pin must be op en.
r1245x no. ec-269 -1403 1 1 11 technical notes *external co mpone nt s mu st be conne ct ed as clo s e as possi ble to the ics and make wi ring as sho r t as possible. espe cially , the ca p a citor conne cted in b e twee n v in pin and g nd m ust be wi ring t he sh orte st. if their impeda nce i s high, intern al volt age of the ic may shif t by the swit chi ng cu rrent, and the ope rat i ng may be u n st a b le. ma ke the power su pply and gnd lin es suf f ici ent. in the wiring of the power sup p ly , gnd, l x , v out and the inductor , large curre n t by switching may flow . t o avoid the bad in flue nce, the wirin g betwee n the resi st an ce, ?r up ? for s e tting the output volt ag e and loa d ing , and the wiri ng between t he indu ctor a nd loadi ng m u st be sep a ra ted. *the cera mic capa citors h a ve low esr (equivale nt serie s re si sta n ce ) and re co mmend ed for the ics. the recomme ndat ion of c in capacitor bet wee n v in and gnd is 10 f or more for a/b/c/d versi on, 4.7 f o r m o re f o r e/f version, a nd 2.2 f or more for g/ h versio n. verify the bias de pend en ce an d the tempera t ure ch ara c te risti cs of the cerami c ca pa citors. re comm end ation co nditio n s are written base d on the case whi c h t he recomme ndat ion part s are use d with the r124 5x. *the r124 5x is de sign ed with the reco m m endatio n in duc ta nce value and ceram i c ca pa citor value an d pha se comp en satio n has b een m ade. if the inductan c e valu e is la rg e, du e to the lack of current sen s ing am ount of the curre n t mode , unstable o p e ration m a y result. on the contra ry, if the indu ctan ce val ue is sm all , the current sen s in g amo unt may incre a se too mu ch , low freque n c y oscillation may occur when the on d u t y ratio is beyond 50%. not onl y that, if the indu ctan ce va lue is sm all, accordi ng to the increa se of the load curre n t, the peak curre n t of the switching ma y increa se, a s a re sult, the current may rea c h the current limit value and the current limit may work. *as for th e di ode, u s e the schottky di od e with small capa citan c e b e twee n termi nals. t he refe ren c e ch ara c t e risti c of the capa cit ance betwee n terminal s is aroun d 100 pf or le ss at 10 v. if the capa citan c e b e twee n termi nals i s large, excess switching current may flow and the ope ra tion of the ic may be un stable. if the cap a cita nce betwe en term inals of the schottky dio d e is beyond 1 0 0 pf at 10 v or un kno w n, verify the load regul ation, line regul ation, an d the load tra n sie n t respon se. *output voltage ca n be set by adjustme n t of the values of r1 a nd r2. the eq ua tion of setting the output voltage is v out = v fb (r1 + r2)/ r2. if the values of r1 an d r2 are larg e, the impeda nce of fb pin incre a ses, a nd pickup the n o i se may re sul t. the reco m m endatio n val ue ran ge of r2 is a pproximately betwe en 1.0 k ? to 16 k ? . if the operatio n may be unstable, r edu ce the impeda nce of fb pin. * for the ce pin, as an esd protectio n el ement, a diod e to v in pin is formed internal of the ic. if ce pin voltage may be come highe r tha n v in pin voltage, to preve n t flowing l a rge cu rre nt from ce pin to v in pin, con n e c t 10 k or more resi sto r betwe en ce and v in pin. *con ne ct the backside h e a t radiation tab to the gnd. as for multi-la yered bo ards, to make bett e r po we r dissipatio n, putting some t herm a l vias o n the thermal tab in the lan d pattern an d radiation of the heat to an other layer is effecti v e. *after the soft-sta r t ope ration, the latch functio n is en abl ed for ve rsion a/c/e/g. the latch p r ot ection start s the internal cou n ter wh en the i n ternal cu rre nt limit protecti on circuit de tects the current limit. whe n the internal counter count s up to the latch timer limit, typically 4 ms, the output is latched off. to reset the latch function, make the ce pin ?l ?, or ma ke v in pin voltage lo wer tha n uvlo dete c tor threshold . then in the ca se that the output voltag e or fb voltage be come s setting voltag e within the la tch timer p r e s et time, count er is initiali ze d. if the sle w rate of the powe r sup p ly is too slo w and afte r the soft-start time, the output voltage d oes n o t rea c h the set output vol t age even if the latch time r preset time is over, the lat c h fun c tion m a y work unex pecte dly. *after the soft-sta r t ope ration, fold-ba c k prote c tion fun c ti on is e nabl ed for version b/d/f/h. the fold-ba ck fun c tion will limit the oscill ator fre q u ency if the fb pin voltage b e com e s lo we r than typicall y 0.56 v. for b/d versio n, the oscillator freq uen cy will be redu ce d typically into 170 khz, fo r f version, into 250 khz, for h version, into 40 0 khz. if the slew rat e of the powe r sup p ly is too slo w , and e v en after the soft-start time , the output voltage is still less than 70% of the set outp u t voltage, or f b pin voltage is less than typically 0.56 v , then this function may wo rk unexpe ctedly .
r1245x no. ec-269 -1403 1 1 12 the pe rform a nce of po we r circuit usi ng this ic largel y depe nd s on e x ternal co mp onent s. selection of external comp one nts i s very import ant, espe ciall y , do not exceed ea ch rating value (volt age/current/p owe r). recomme nd ed v a lues for each ou tpu t v o ltage r12 45x003a/ b : 330 khz v out (v) 0.8 to 1.2 1.2 to 2.5 2.5 to 5.0 5.0 r1 ( r up ) (k ? ) = (v out / 0.8-1) r2 r2 ( r bo t ) ( k ? ) 16 12 1.20 1.20 c spd (pf) open 470 2200 1000 c ou t ( f) 47 47 22 22 l ( h) 4.7 10 15 33 r12 45x00xc/ d : 5 00 khz v out (v) 0.8 to 1.2 1.2 to 1.5 1.5 to 2.0 2.0 to 5.0 5.0 to 12.0 12.0 r1( r up ) ( k ? ) = (v out / 0.8-1) r2 r2( r bot ) ( k ? ) 16 16 16 1.2 1.2 1.2 c spd (pf) open 100 100 1000 1000 470 c ou t ( f) 100 100 22 22 22 22 l ( h) 4.7 4.7 10 10 15 15 r12 45x00xe/f : 100 0 khz v out (v) 0.8 to 1.0 1.0 to 1.2 1.2 to 1.5 1.5 to 2.5 2.5 to 5.0 5.0 r1 ( r up ) (k ? ) = (v out / 0.8-1) r2 r2 ( r bo t ) ( k ? ) 16 16 16 16 1.2 1.2 c spd (pf) open 100 100 100 470 470 c ou t ( f) 100 100 47 22 10 10 l ( h) 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 4.7 10 r12 45x003 g / h: 2400 khz v out (v) 1.5 to 1.8 1.8 to 2.5 2.5 to 5.0 5.0 r1( r up ) ( k ? ) = ( v ou t / 0.8-1) r2 r2( r bot ) ( k ? ) 16 12 1.2 1.2 c spd (pf) 100 100 470 470 c ou t ( f) 10 10 4.7 4.7 l ( h) 1.0 1.5 2.2 4.7
r1245x no. ec-269 -1403 1 1 13 divider re sist ers valu es a n d possibl e set t ing rang e of input /output v out [v] r1 ( r up ) [k ? ] r2 ( r bo t ) [k ? ] input voltage rang e [v] ver. ab ver. cd ver. ef ver. gh 0.8 0 open 4.5 to 20 4.5 to 13.5 4.5 to 7 - 0 16 1 4 16 4.5 to 25.5 4 .5 to 17 4.5 to 8.5 - 1.2 8 16 4.5 to 30 4.5 to 20 4.5 to 10 - 6 12 1.5 10.5 12 4.5 to 30 4.5 to 25 4.5 to 12.5 4.5 to 5.5 14 16 1.8 20 16 4.5 to 30 4.5 to 30 4.5 to 15 4.5 to 6.5 15 12 2 24 16 4.5 to 30 4.5 to 30 4.5 to 17 4.5 to 7 1.8 1.2 2.5 34 16 4.5 to 30 4.5 to 30 4.5 to 21 4.5 to 9 25.5 12 2.55 1.2 3.3 3.75 1.2 4.5 to 30 4.5 to 30 4.5 to 27.5 4.5 to 12 5 6.3 1.2 5.5 to 30 5.5 to 30 6 to 30 7 to 17 6 7.8 1.2 6.5 to 30 6.5 to 30 7 to 30 8 to 20 9 12.3 1.2 10 to 30 10 to 30 11 to 30 12 to 30 12 16.8 1.2 13 to 30 13 to 30 14 to 30 16 to 30 15 21.3 1.2 16.5 to 30 16.5 to 30 17 to 30 20 to 30 24 34.8 1.2 26.5 to 30 26.5 to 30 27.5 to 30 30
r1245x no. ec-269 -1403 1 1 14 recomme nd ed exter n al compon ents examples (consid ering all the range ) symbol condition value parts name mfr c in 50 v/x5r 10 f umk325bj106mm-t taiyo yuden 50 v/x7r 4.7 f grm31cr71h475ka12l murata 50 v/x7r 2.2 f grm31cr71h225ka88l murata c out 50 v/x5r 10 f umk325bj106mm-t taiyo yuden 50 v/x7r 10 f kts500b106m55n0t00 nippon chemi-con 50 v/x7r 4.7 f grm31cr71h475ka12l murata 25 v/x7r 10 f grm31cr71e106k murata 10 v/x7r 22 f grm31cr71a226m murata 16 v/b 47 f grm32eb31c476ke15 murata 10 v/x7r 47 f grm32er71a476ke15 murata note: the v a lue of c ou t d epen ds upon the set output voltag e. c bst 16 v/x7r 0.47 f emk212b7474kd-t taiyo yuden l 1.8 a 10 h slf6045t-100m1r6-3pf tdk 1.65 a 4.7 h slf7045t-4r7m2r0-pf tdk 1.7 a 4.7 h nr4018t4r7m taiyo yuden 2.4 a 4.7 h nr6020t4r7m taiyo yuden 1.9 a 10 h nr6028t100m taiyo yuden 2.3 a 15 h nr6045t150m taiyo yuden 1.9 a 22 h nr6045t220m taiyo yuden 1.9 a 33 h nr8040t330m taiyo yuden 1.7 a 2.2 h vlcf4020t-2r2n1r7 tdk 1.65 a 2.2 h nr4012t2r2m taiyo yuden 1.8 a 1.5 h nr3015t1r5n taiyo yuden 1.8 a 1.0 h nr4010t1r0n taiyo yuden diode 30 v/1.5 a 0.42 v ma22d28 panasonic 30 v/2.0 a 0.37 v cms06 toshiba 40 v/2.0 a 0.55 v cms11 toshiba 40 v/2.0 a 0.43 v ma24d60 panasonic 15 v/2.0 a 0.32 v sbs010m sanyo r ce the up diode is connected between the ce pin and the v in pin as the esd protection element. if there is the possibi lit y t hat t he volta ge of the ce pi n bec omes hi gher th an the volt age of the v in pin, it is recommen ded to co nnect the 10 kohm r e sistanc e w i th the ce pin for preve n ting a la rge curre nt flo w s into the v in pin from the ce pin.
r1245x no. ec-269 -1403 1 1 15 opera t i o n of the buck conver ter and the ou tput current the dc/ dc converte r cha r ges ene rgy in the ind u cto r whe n the swit ch tu rn s on, a nd di scha rge s the ene rgy f r om the inducto r whe n the swit ch turn s of f and cont rols with less ene rg y loss, so tha t a lower outp u t volt age than the input volt age is obt ai ned. refer to the followin g figure s . sw i t c h l di o d e v in i1 v ou t c ou t i2 gn d t = 1/ f o sc ton t of f tope n i l mi n i l ma x i l step 1: the switch turns o n and cu rrent il (= i1) flows, and ene rgy is charged in to c out . at thi s moment, il incr ea se s f r o m i l min (= 0) to reach il max in proportio n to the on-ti me peri od (t on ) of the switch. step 2: when the switch turns off, the diode tu rns on in order to maintain il at il ma x , and current il (= i2) flows . step 3: il (= i 2 ) de crea se s grad ually and rea c he s il = il min = 0 after a time period of topen, and the diode turns off. this c a s e is called as disc ontinuous mode . if the output c u rrent bec o mes large, next s w it c h ing cy cle st a r t s b e f o re i l becomes 0 and the diode turns off. in th is case, il value increases from il min (> 0) , and this ca se is calle d co ntinuou s mod e . in the case of pwm control system, the output volt ag e is maint a in ed by controll ing the on-tim e perio d (t on ), with the oscillator freque ncy (f osc ) bein g main t a ined con s t a nt.
r1245x no. ec-269 -1403 1 1 16 output current and selecti o n of external components the cal c ul ation method of output cu rren t and the relati on betwe en the output cu rrent and exte rnal compo n e n t s are as follows: whe n the swi t ch of l x turns on: (wherein, the peak to pe a k value of the ripple cu rre nt is descri b e d as i rp , the on re si st an ce of the switch is descri bed a s r onh , and the diode forwa r d volt age a s v f , and the dc re si st an ce of the inducto r is de scrib e d as r l , and o n time of the swi t ch is de scrib ed as ton ) v in = v out + ( r onh + r l ) i out + l i rp / t on equation 1 whe n the swi t ch turn s of f (the diod e turn s on) a s t of f : l i rp / t of f = v f + v out + r l i out equation 2 put equation 2 to equation 1 and solve f o r o n duty of the switch, t on / (t of f + t on ) = d on , d on = (v ou t + v f + r l i out ) / (v in + v f - r onh i out ) equation 3 rippl e cu rre nt is as follo ws: i rp = (v in ? v ou t ? r onh i ou t ? r l i out ) d on / f osc / l equation 4 whe r ein, pe a k cu rrent that flows th roug h l, and the pe ak current il max is as foll ows: il max = i out + i rp / 2 e quation 5 as for the valley current il min, il min = i out - i rp / 2 equation 6 if ilmin < 0, the step -do w n dc/dc conv erter o peratio n become s current disco n tinuou s mod e . therefore the current condi tion of the current disco n tin uou s mode, the next formu l a is true. i out < i rp / 2 equation 7 cons ider il ma x and il min , con d ition s of input and o u tp ut and sel e ct external com pone nt s.
r1245x no. ec-269 -1403 1 1 17 ripple cur r e nt and lx c u rrent limit the ri pple cu rre nt of the i ndu ctor m a y cha nge acco rdi ng to the v a riou s rea s o n s. in the r1 245x, as an lx curre n t limit, lx peak curre n t limit is use d . therefo r e t he upp er limit of the induct o r cu rrent is fi xed. the pe ak cu rrent limit is n o t the avera g e cu rrent of the indu cto r (o utput cu rrent). if the ripple curre n t is la rg e, pea k current become s al so larg e. the chara c te risti c i s u s ed fo r the fold-ba c k current limit of versi on b/d/f/ h. in other wo rd s, the p e a k current limit is maint a in ed a nd the switchi ng fre que ncy is redu ce d, a s a re sult, th e averag e cu rrent of the inductor i s re d u ced. t o rele ase this con d ition, at 170 khz for versi on b/d, at 250 khz for versio n f , at 400 khz for versio n h must not be beyond the pea k cu rre nt limit . in the figure 1, the seq uen ce of the lx curre n t limit function is de scribe d. figure 1. l x limit functi on sequenc e
r1245x no. ec-269 -1403 1 1 18 latc h protec tion func tion for v e rsion a/c/e/g the latch fu nction wo rks af ter d e tectin g cu rrent limit and if the out put volt age b e com e s lo w for a ce rt ai n time , the output is l a tche d of f. refer to the tech nical n o tes . fold-ba ck pr otec tion fu n c tion for v e rsion b/d/f/h if fb volt age be come s l o we r than a pproxim ately 0.56 v , the fold-ba c k protection fu nction limit s th e oscillator fre q uen cy to typically 170 khz for version b/d, typically 2 50 khz fir version f , typical l y 400 khz for vers ion h . by reduci ng freque ncy , th e ripple cu rrent increa se s. the r124 5x has the pea k cu rrent limit function, therefo r e a s in the equatio n 8, t he lx averag e cu rrent decrea s e s b y the increa se of the ripple current. i out = i l max + i rp / 2 equation 8 if fb volt a ge beco m e s less than 0.56 v , the osc illa tor frequen cy is reduced. at heavy load, if the r1245x become s into the fold-ba c k protectio n m ode, the situa t ion may not be rele ased b y increa se th e ripple cu rre nt. in terms of other note s on t h is protectio n function, refe r to the tech nical n o te s .
r1245x no. ec-269 -1403 1 1 19 maxi mum output current the output curre n t of th e r124 5x is limit by the powe r dissi p at ion p d of the p a ckag e an d the maximum spe c ification 1.2 a. the lo ss of the ic inclu d e s the switchi ng loss, and it is dif f icult to estimate. t o estimat e the maximum out put, using the ef ficiency dat a is one meth od. by using the ef ficien cy dat a, the loss in cludi ng the e x ternal comp onent s can b e cal c ulate d with the eq ua tion, (100/ef fici en cy (%)-1) x (v out (v) x i out (v)). from this equ ation, by reduci ng th e loss of external compo n e n t s , the loss of the ic can be estimated. t he mai n lo ss of the extern al co mpo nent s is compo s e d by the re ctifier diode and dcr of the inducto r . suppo sed that the forward volt age of the diode is describe d as v f , the los s of the diode can be descri bed as follows: (v in (v) - r on ( ) x i out (a) - v out (v) - v f (v))) / v in (v) x v f (v) x i ou t (a) the loss by the dcr of th e indu ctor ca n be cal c ul ated by the formula dcr ( ) x i out 2 (a). thus, the loss of the ic = (100 / ef ficiency (% ) -1 ) x (v out (v) x i out (a) - (v in (v) - r on ( ) x i out (a) - v out (v) - v f (v)) / v in (v) x v f (v) x i out (a) - dc r ( ) x i out 2 (a) the ef fici ency of the r12 4 5 x at t a = 25 c, v in = 1 2 v , v out = 3.3 v , i out = 60 0 ma is a pproximately 89.5% for versio n a/b (oscillator f r e quen cy 330 khz). suppo se d that t he on resi st a n ce of the intern al driver i s 0.35 , the dcr of the indu ctor is 65 m , the v f of the rectifier diod e is 0. 3 v and appli ed to the formula above, the loss of th e ic = (1 00% / 89.5% - 1) x (3.3 v x 0.6 a) - (12 v - 0.35 x 0.6 a - 3.3 v - 0.3 v) / 12 v x 0.3v x 0.6 a - 0.065 x 0.6 2 a = 86 mw the po wer di ssi p a tio n p d of the p a cka ge is sp ecifie d at t a = 25 c based on t he tjmax = 1 50 c. thus t he thermal re si st ance of the p a ckag e ja = (tjmax ( c) ? t a (c )) / p d (w), therefore the ther mal resi st a n c e of the each availabl e p a ckage i s as follo ws: hsop-8e: (1 50 c - 25 c)/3.6 w = 35 c/w dfn202 0-8: (150 c - 25 c)/1.1 w = 1 1 4 c/w due to the lo ss of the ic is 86 mw for th is example, t herefo r e tj in cre a se of the each p a ckag e is as follo ws: hsop- 8 e: 35c/w 86 m w = 3.01 c dfn202 0-8: 1 1 4 c/ w 86 mw = 9 . 80 c for all the p a ckage s, even if the ambient temperature is at 105 c, tj can be sup p re ssed le ss than 150 c. by the increa se of the temperat ure, on re si st an ce an d switchi ng loss incr ea se s, therefo r e, temp eratu r e margi n is not enou gh, measure the ef ficien cy at the actu al ma ximum tempe r ature and re cal c ulatio n is necessa ry . at the same condition, if the pre s et freq uen cy is 240 0 khz, the ef ficien cy will be down to ap proximately 81%. the re sult of the loss calcul ation is 31 0 mw , theref ore the tj incre a se of ea ch p a ckag e is a s follows: hsop- 8 e: 35c/w 310 mw = 1 0 .85 c dfn202 0-8: 1 1 4 c/ w 3 10 mw = 35. 34 c all p a ckag es can b e used at the ambien t temperatu r e 105 c. ho wever as fo r dfn20 2 0 - 8 p a ckage, be su re to note the po wer di ssi p atio n whe n usi ng a t 2400 khz si nce it s tempe r ature margin is not suf f ici e nt when tjm a x = 150 c.
r1245x no. ec-269 -1403 1 1 20 the followi ng graph s a r e the output current and e s ti mated ambi e n t temperatu r e limit. maximum out put current v in = 12 v , v out = 3.3 v , f osc = 330 khz 0 20 0 40 0 60 0 80 0 1 000 1 200 1 400 -50 0 50 10 0 1 5 0 ta [ c ] i ou t [m a ] sot-23-6 w dfn2020-8 hsop-8e - 4 0c 105 c maximum out put current v in = 12 v , v out = 3.3 v , f osc = 24 00 khz 0 20 0 40 0 60 0 80 0 100 0 120 0 140 0 -5 0 0 5 0 1 0 0 1 5 0 ta [ c ] i ou t [m a ] sot-23-6 w dfn2020-8 hsop-8e - 4 0 c 105 c
r1245x no. ec-269 -1403 1 1 21 shutdown by i n put vol t a ge control if the set output volt age is more than uvlo dete c tor thre shold (t yp. 3.8 v) and on/of f control is mad e by v in volt age-e.g. i n the case of v in pin an d ce pin are con necte d -, whe n the ci rcuit is shut do wn, th e relatio n bet wee n input an d o u tput may be b e yond the sp ecified maxim u m duty cycl e. if the ratio of input a nd o u tput is beyo nd the maximum dut y cycle, switching op eratio n stop s an d the output vol t age go es d o w n, but dep e nding o n the v in decrea s in g speed, the rati o of v in and v out could be come eq ual o r less than th e maximum dut y cycle, a s a result, the output ma y be resu med and fluctuate . furthe r , if the input volt a ge go es do wn faste r than the output v o lt age as sh own i n figu re 2, larg e re verse c u rrent may flow . in orde r to avoid the co ndit i ons a bove, o r to maint a in the input volt age bei ng larger tha n the output volt ag e i n the powe r of f pro c e ss, set ce signal "l" while the inpu t volt age is enough larger than the outpu t volt age, or a dd a discha rge circuit. figure 2. conditions for reverse current generation at shutdow n by i nput voltage control v out gnd l x v out v in revers e current (at v in + 0. 3 v < v out ) load v uv l o 1 reverse cu rrent potential area v in + 0.3 v < v out v in
r1245x no. ec-269 -1403 1 1 22 internal equi v a lent circuit for each pi n < b st pin> < lx pin> < f b pin> < c e pin> < t est pin> reg u lator test v in ce reg u lator fb bst l x regulator v in l x
r1245x no. ec-269 -1403 1 1 23 p ackage informa t ion powe r di ssipati on (hsop-8e) powe r di ssi p a tion (p d ) de pend s on con d itions of mo unting on b o a r d. this spe c ifica t ion is ba sed on the mea s u r eme n t at the conditio n bel ow: measurement conditio n s ultra hi gh w a tt age la nd pattern environment mounting on board (wind velocity 0 m/s) board material glass cloth epoxy plastic (4 layers) board dimensions 76.2 mm x 114.3 mm x 0.8 mm copper ratio t op side, back sid e : 50 mm squa re : approx. 95% 2nd, 3rd l a ye r : : 50 mm square : app r ox . 100% through - hole 0.4 mm x 21 pcs m e a s u r e m e n t r e s u l t s ( t a = 2 5 c , t j m a x = 1 5 0 c ) ultra hi gh w a tt age la nd pattern powe r di ssi p a tion 3.6 w therm a l re si st an ce ja = (150-25c)/3.6 w = 35c/w jc = 10c/w 40 50 76.2 114.3 50 measurent board pattern ic mount area unit : mm power dissipation p d (w) 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 ambient t e mperature ( c ) pow e r diss ip ation 4.0 3.0 2.0 1. 0 3.6 on board 105
r1245x no. ec-269 -1403 1 1 24 pack age dime nsi o ns (hs o p- 8e) ( u n i t : m m ) 0.10 s 1.500.1 s 0. 4 0 0. 2 0 10 + 0.1 0.15 - 0.05 detail a 0.400.1 1. 2 7 2. 9 0 0 . 0 5 (0 . 3 0 ) 2 . 70 0 .0 5 0.12 m (0.30) 8 5 1 4 4.40 0.2 6.200.3 5.200.3 0 .695typ det a i l a 0 .080.0 5 0.050.05 * mark specificat i o n (hsop-8 e ) cdef gh : product code ? r e fe r to r1245s m a rk specif ica t ion t a ble ijk : lot numbe r ? alp hanum eri c serial numb er ? ????? 8 5 1 4 r1245s mark specif ica t i o n t a ble (hsop-8e) product na me cdefgh r1245s003a r s 0 0 5 a r1245s003b r s 0 0 5 b r1245s003g r s 0 0 5 g r1245s003h r s 0 0 5 h *) t he t ab on t he bot t o m of t he packag e enh a n ces t hermal p e rf or mance a nd is e l ect r ical l y conn ect ed t o gnd (subst r at e l e vel). i t is recommen ded t hat t he t a b be con nect e d t o t he grou nd p l a ne on t h e boar d.
r1245x no. ec-269 -1403 1 1 25 power di ssip a tion (dfn2020-8 ) powe r dissi p ation (p d ) d epen ds on condition s of mounting o n board. thi s spe c ification is base d o n the measurement at the conditi on belo w : measurement conditio n s s t anda rd t e st land pattern environment mounting on board (wind velocity = 0 m/s) board material glass cloth epoxy plastic (double sided) board dimensions 40 mm x 40 mm x 1.6 mm copper ratio top side: approx. 50%, back side: approx. 50% through-holes 0.54 mm x 30 pcs measurement result: (t a = 25 c, tj max = 150 c) s t anda rd t e st land pattern power dissipation 1100 mw thermal resistance ja = (150c -25c)/1.1 w = 114c/w pow er dissipation p d (m w) 1 200 1 000 800 600 400 200 0 0 2 5 5 0 75 10 0 125 15 0 a m bi e nt t e m p er at u r e ( c) po w e r d i s s i p a t i o n 10 5 11 00 on b o a r d me as ur e m e n t b o ar d pat t e r n ic mo u n t a r e a (u ni t : mm ) 40 40
r1245x no. ec-269 -1403 1 1 26 p a ckage dimensi o ns (dfn20 20-8) 0.8max s 0.05 s 1.80.05 1.00.05 0.250.05 0.05 m ab 0.20.05 0.05 0.5 2.00 2.00 a b index 0.05 4 mark specifica t i o n (dfn202 0-8) cdef : pr oduc t code ? ref e r to r1245l m a rk specifica t ion t a ble gh : lot number ? alph anume r i c serial numb er 87 65 1234 cde fgh r1245l mark specif ica t i o n t a ble (dfn2 020-8) produc t na me cde f R1245L003a d w 0 1 R1245L003b d w 0 2 R1245L003c d w 0 3 R1245L003d d w 0 4 R1245L003e d w 0 5 R1245L003f d w 0 6 R1245L003g d w 0 7 R1245L003h d w 0 8 *) t he t ab on the bot t o m of t h e packa ge e n h ances t hermal p e rf or mance a nd is e l ect r ical l y conn ect ed t o gnd (subst r at e l e vel). i t is recommen ded t hat t he t a b be con nect e d t o t he grou nd p l a ne on t h e boar d. *
r1245x no. ec-269 -1403 1 1 27 typical characteri s tics note: typical cha r a c teri stics are inte nde d to be us e d as refe re nce data; they are not guara n te ed. 1) fb v o lt age v s . t e mperature 2) driv er on resist an ce v s . t e mpera t ure r 1 24 5x 0 0x x (v in =1 2 v ) 0. 79 2 0. 79 4 0. 79 6 0. 79 8 0. 8 0. 80 2 0. 80 4 0. 80 6 0. 80 8 - 4 0 - 2 0 0 2 0 4 06 08 0 1 0 0 ta ( ) f b v o lt ag e ( v ) r 1 24 5x 0 0x x (v in =1 2 v ) 20 0 25 0 30 0 35 0 40 0 45 0 - 4 0 - 2 0 0 2 0 4 06 08 0 1 0 0 ta ( ) d r i v er o n r es i s t anc e ( m ? ) 3) oscillator frequenc y vs. temperature 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 - 40 - 20 0 20 40 60 80 100 ta ( ) f r eq uen c y ( k hz ) r 1245x 00xa / r 1245x 00xb (v in = 12v ) 450 475 500 525 550 -40- 2 0 0 2 04 06 08 0 1 0 0 ta ( c ) r 1245x 00x c / r 1245x 00x d f r eque nc y ( k hz ) (v in = 12v ) 900 950 1000 1050 1100 - 4 0 - 20 0 20 40 60 80 100 ta ( c ) r 1245 x00xe / r 1245x00xf (v in = 12v ) f r eque nc y ( k hz ) 2160 2240 2320 2400 2480 2560 264 0 - 40 - 20 0 2 0 4 0 6 0 8 0 100 ta ( c ) r 1 245 x00x g / r 1 245 x00 xh f r eque nc y ( k h z ) (v in = 1 2 v )
r1245x no. ec-269 -1403 1 1 28 4) maximum dut y c y cle vs. t e mpera t ure r 1 24 5x 00 xa / r 124 5x 00 xb (v in =1 2 v ) 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 - 4 0- 2 0 0 2 0 4 0 6 0 8 01 0 0 ta ( ) ma xd u t y ( % ) 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 - 40 - 20 0 20 4 0 60 80 100 ta ( c ) r 1245x 00xc / r 1245x 00xd ma xd u t y (% ) (v in = 12v ) 88 90 92 94 96 98 10 0 - 4 0 - 20 0 2 0 4 0 60 80 1 00 ta ( c ) r 1 24 5x 00 xe / r 1 24 5x 00 xf ma x d u t y (% ) (v in = 1 2 v ) 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 - 4 0 - 20 0 20 40 60 80 100 ta ( c ) r 12 45x00xg / r 1245 x00xh m a xd u t y ( % ) (v in = 1 2 v )
r1245x no. ec-269 -1403 1 1 29 5) fold-b ack freque nc y vs. t e mpera t ure 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 - 4 0 - 2 0 0 2 04 0 6 08 0 1 0 0 ta ( ) f o ld bac k f r equenc y ( k hz ) r 1 245 x00 xb (v in = 1 2 v ) 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 - 4 0 - 2 0 0 2 04 06 08 0 1 0 0 ta ( c ) r 1245 x00xd ( v in =1 2 v ) f o ld bac k f r e quenc y ( k hz ) 120 17 0 22 0 27 0 32 0 37 0 42 0 - 4 0 - 2 0 0 2 0 4 06 08 0 1 0 0 ta ( c ) f old bac k f r equenc y ( k h z ) r 12 45x 00xf ( v in = 12v ) 12 0 220 32 0 42 0 52 0 62 0 72 0 82 0 -4 0 - 2 0 0 2 0 4 0 6 0 8 0 1 0 0 ta ( c ) r 1 245x 00x h (v in = 1 2 v ) f ol dbac k f r equenc y ( k h z ) 6) high side s w i t ch current limit v s . t e mperature 1. 5 1. 7 1. 9 2. 1 2. 3 2. 5 2. 7 -4 0 - 2 0 0 2 0 4 0 6 0 8 0 1 0 0 ta ( ) l x c u rre n t l i m i t (a) r 124 5x0 0x (v in =1 2 v )
r1245x no. ec-269 -1403 1 1 30 7) uvl o detector thre sh old v s . t e mperatu r e 8) uvl o rele ased v o lt age v s . t e mperature 3.6 3. 7 3. 8 3. 9 4 4. 1 - 4 0 - 2 0 0 2 04 0 6 08 0 1 0 0 ta ( ) r 1245x 00 u v lo d e te c t or t h r e s h ol d ( v ) 3.8 3. 9 4 4. 1 4. 2 - 4 0 - 20 0 20 40 60 80 100 ta ( ) r 1 245 x0 0x u v lo r el ea s ed v ol t age ( v ) 9) sof t -st a rt time v s . t e mperature 10) t i mer latch dela y v s . t e mper atur e 0. 4 0. 6 0. 8 1 1.2 1. 4 1. 6 1. 8 - 40 - 20 0 20 40 60 80 100 ta ( c ) r 1245x00xx (v in = 12v ) s o ft s ta r t t i m e ( m s ) 1 2 3 4 5 6 -40 -20 0 2 0 4 0 6 0 8 0 100 ta ( c ) r 1245x00xx (v in =6 v ) d el ay t i m e f or la t c h p r ot ec t i on ( m s ) 1 1 ) ce ?h? i nput v olt age v s . t e mperature 12) ce ?l ? input v olt age v s . t e mperature 0. 5 1 1. 5 2 2. 5 - 4 0 - 2 0 0 2 04 0 6 08 0 1 0 0 ta ( c ) ce " h " v o lt age ( v ) r 1245x0 0xx (v in = 12v ) 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 -40 - 2 0 0 2 04 06 0 8 0 1 0 0 ta ( c ) ce " l " v o lt ag e ( v ) r 124 5x00 xx (v in = 1 2 v )
r1245x no. ec-269 -1403 1 1 31 13) sof t -st a rt w a v e form r12 45x 00x a/r124 5x0 0x b v out = 3.3 v , v in = 12 v , i ou t = 0 ma, t a = 25 c v ce (5v/div) i lx (200ma/div) v out (1v/div) v lx (10v/div) v ce (5v/div) i lx (200ma/div) v out (1v/div) v lx (10v/div) v ce (5v/div) i lx (200ma/div) v out (1v/div) v lx (10v/div) 200s/div v ce (5v/div) i lx ( 200m a / d i v ) v ou t (1 v / di v ) v lx ( 10v/div ) v ce (5v/div) i lx (200ma/div) v out (1v/div) v lx (10v/div) v ce (5 v / di v ) i lx ( 200m a / d i v ) v ou t (1 v / di v ) v lx ( 10v/div ) 200s/d i v r12 45x 00x a/r124 5x0 0x b v out = 3.3 v , v in = 12 v , i ou t = 600 ma, t a = 2 5 c v ce (5v/div) i lx (200ma/div) v out (1v/div) v lx (10v/div) 200s/div v ce (5v/div) i lx (200ma/div) v out (1v/div) v lx (10v/div) v ce (5v/div) i lx (200ma/div) v out (1v/div) v lx (10v/div) v ce (5v/div) i lx ( 200m a / d i v ) v ou t (1 v / d i v ) v lx ( 10v/ d iv ) 200s/d i v v ce (5v/div) i lx (200ma/div) v out (1v/div) v lx (10v/div) v ce (5 v / d i v ) i lx ( 200m a / d i v ) v ou t (1 v / d i v ) v lx ( 10v/ d iv ) 14) s w i t chin g opera tion w a v e form r12 45x 00x a/r124 5x0 0x b v out = 3.3 v , v in = 12 v , i ou t = 0 ma, t a = 25 c i lx (200ma/div) v out (ac) (20mv/div) v lx (5v/div) 2s/div i lx (200ma/div) v out (ac) (20mv/div) v lx (5v/div) i lx (200ma/div) v ou t (a c ) (2 0 m v / d i v ) v lx (5 v / di v ) 2 s / d i v i lx (2 0 0 m a / d i v ) v ou t (a c ) (2 0 m v / d i v ) v lx (5 v / di v ) r12 45x 00x a/r124 5x0 0x b v out = 3.3 v , v in = 12 v , i ou t = 600 ma , t a = 25 c i lx ( 200m a / d i v ) v ou t (a c ) ( 20mv/d i v ) v lx (5 v / div ) 2s/d i v i lx (200ma/div) v out (ac) (20mv/div) v lx (5v/div) i lx (200ma/div) v ou t (a c ) ( 20mv/d i v ) v lx (5 v / div ) 2s/d i v i lx ( 200m a / d i v ) v ou t (a c ) ( 20mv/d i v ) v lx (5 v / div ) r12 45x 00x g / r124 5x0 0x h v out = 3.3 v , v in = 12 v , i ou t = 20 ma, t a = 25 c r12 45x 00x g / r124 5x0 0x h v out = 3.3 v , v in = 12 v , i ou t = 600 ma, t a = 2 5 c i lx (200ma/div) v out (ac) (20mv/div) v lx (5v/div) i lx (200ma/div) v out (ac) (20mv/div) v lx (5v/div) i lx (200ma/div) v out (ac) (20mv/div) v lx (5v/div) i lx (200ma/div) v out (ac) (20mv/div) v lx (5v/div) 200ns/div i lx (200ma/div) v out (ac) (20mv/div) v lx (5v/div) i lx ( 2 0 0 m a /d iv ) v ou t (a c ) (2 0 m v / d i v ) v lx (5 v / d i v ) i lx ( 2 0 0 m a /d iv ) v ou t (a c ) (2 0 m v / d i v ) v lx (5 v / d i v ) i lx ( 2 0 0 m a /d iv ) v ou t (a c ) (2 0 m v / d i v ) v lx (5 v / d i v ) i lx ( 2 0 0 m a /d iv ) v ou t (a c ) (2 0 m v / d i v ) v lx (5 v / d i v ) i lx ( 2 0 0 m a /d iv ) v ou t (a c ) (2 0 m v / d i v ) v lx (5 v / d i v ) 200 n s /d i v i lx (200ma/div) v out (ac) (20mv/div) v lx (5v/div) i lx (200ma/div) v out (ac) (20mv/div) v lx (5v/div) 200ns/div i lx (200ma/div) v out (ac) (20mv/div) v lx (5v/div) i lx (2 0 0 m a / d i v ) v ou t (a c ) (2 0 m v / d i v ) v lx (5 v / d i v ) i lx (2 0 0 m a / d i v ) v ou t (a c ) (2 0 m v / d i v ) v lx (5 v / d i v ) i lx (2 0 0 m a / d i v ) v ou t (a c ) (2 0 m v / d i v ) v lx (5 v / d i v ) 20 0n s/d i v
r1245x no. ec-269 -1403 1 1 32 15) lo ad tra n sient re spo n se w a v e for m r12 45x 00x a/r124 5x0 0x b v out = 0.8 v , v in = 12 v , i out = 600 ? 1200 m a , t a = 25c v ou t (1 00 mv /di v ) i ou t (500m a /d iv ) 100 s/d i v v ou t (1 00 mv /di v ) i ou t (500m a /d iv ) 100s/div r12 45x 00xa/r124 5x0 0x b v out = 3.3 v , v in = 12 v , i out = 600 ? 1200 m a , t a = 25c v out (200mv/div) i out (500ma/div) 100s/div v ou t (20 0 m v / d i v ) i ou t ( 5 0 0 m a /d iv) 100s/div r12 45x 00x g / r124 5x0 0x h v out = 1.5 v , v in = 4.5 v , i out = 600 ? 1200 m a , t a = 25c r12 45x 00x g / r124 5x0 0x h v out = 3.3 v , v in = 12 v , i out = 600 ? 1200 m a , t a = 25c v out ( 100mv /div ) i out ( 500ma /div ) 50us/div v ou t ( 1 0 0 m v /d i v ) i ou t ( 5 0 0 m a /d i v ) 50us/div 50us/div v out ( 100mv /div ) i out ( 500ma /div ) 50us/div v ou t ( 10 0m v / d i v ) i ou t ( 50 0m a / d i v )
r1245x no. ec-269 -1403 1 1 33 16) limit latc h opera tion w a v e form 17) released w a v e form from limit latch r12 45x 00x a v out = 3.3 v , v in = 12 v , r out = 5.5 ? 0.0 5 ? , t a = 25c r12 45x 00x a v out = 3.3 v , v in = 12 v , r out = 5.5 ? 0.05 ? 5.5 ? , t a = 25 c 18) fold - bac k opera tion w a v e form 19) releas ed w a v e form fr om fold-ba c k r12 45x 00x b v out = 3.3 v , v in = 12 v , r ou t = 5.5 ? 0.05 ? ta = 2 5 c v ou t (2 v / d i v ) v lx ( 10v/ d iv ) i lx (1 a / d i v ) v ou t (2 v / d i v ) v lx ( 10v/ d iv ) i lx (1 a / d i v ) v ou t (2 v / d i v ) v lx ( 10v/ d iv ) i lx (1 a / d i v ) 20 s/d i v v ou t (2 v / d i v ) v lx ( 10v/ d iv ) i lx (1 a / d i v ) v out (2v/div) v lx (10v/div) i lx (1a/div) v out (2v/div) v lx (10v/div) i lx (1a/div) v out (2v/div) v lx (10v/div) i lx (1a/div) v out (2v/div) v lx (10v/div) i lx (1a/div) v out (2v/div) v lx (10v/div) i lx (1 a / d i v ) v ou t (2 v / d i v ) v lx ( 10v/ d iv ) i lx (1 a / d i v ) v ou t (2 v / d i v ) v lx ( 10v/ d iv ) i lx (1 a / d i v ) 20 s/d i v v ou t (2 v / d i v ) v lx ( 10v/ d iv ) i lx (1 a / d i v ) v out (2v/div) v lx (10v/div) i lx (1a/div) v out (2 v / d i v ) v lx ( 10v/ d iv ) i lx (1 a / d i v ) v ou t (2 v / d i v ) v lx ( 10v/ d iv ) i lx (1 a / d i v ) v ou t (2 v / d i v ) v lx ( 10v/ d iv ) i lx (1 a / d i v ) r12 45x 00x b v out = 3.3 v , v in = 12 v , r out = 5.5 ? 0.05 ? 5.5 ? ta = 2 5 c v out (2v/div) v lx (10v/div ) i lx (1 a / div ) v ou t (2 v / div ) v lx (10v/div ) i lx (1 a / div ) v ou t (2 v / div ) v lx (10v/div ) i lx (1 a / div ) 20 s/d i v v ou t (2 v / div ) v lx (10v/div ) i lx (1 a / div ) v out (2v/div) v lx (10v/div) i lx (1a/div) v out (2v/div) v lx (10v/div) i lx (1a/div) v out (2v/div) v lx (10v/div) i lx (1a/div) v out (2v/div) v lx (10v/div) i lx (1a/div) v out (2v/div) v lx (10v/div) i lx (1 a / div ) v ou t (2 v / div ) v lx (10v/div ) i lx (1 a / div ) v ou t (2 v / div ) v lx (10v/div ) i lx (1 a / div ) 20 s/d i v v ou t (2 v / div ) v lx (10v/div ) i lx (1 a / div ) v out (2v/div) v lx (10v/div) i lx (1a/div) v out (2 v / div ) v lx (10v/div ) i lx (1 a / div ) v ou t (2 v / div ) v lx (10v/div ) i lx (1 a / div ) v ou t (2 v / div ) v lx (10v/div ) i lx (1 a / div ) 20) s w i t chin g w a v e form at fold -bac k opera tion r12 45x 00x b v out = 3.3v , v in = 12 v , r ou t = 0.05 ? , t a = 25c v out (2 v / div ) v lx (10v/d iv ) i lx (1 a / div ) 2s / di v v ou t (2 v / div ) v lx (10v/d iv ) i lx (1 a / div ) v ou t (2v/div) v lx (10v/div) i lx (1a/div) v out (2v/div) v lx (10v/div) i lx (1a/div) v out (2v/div) v lx (10v/div) i lx (1 a / div ) 2s / di v v ou t (2 v / div ) v lx (10v/d iv ) i lx (1 a / div ) v out (2v/div) v lx (10v/div) i lx (1a/div) v out (2v/div) v lx (10v/d iv ) i lx (1 a / div ) v out (2v/div) v lx (1 0 v / d i v ) i lx (1 a / d i v ) 1m s / d i v v out (2 v / d i v ) v lx (1 0 v / d i v ) i lx (1 a / d i v ) v ou t (2v/div) v lx (1 0 v / d i v ) i lx (1 a / d i v ) 1m s / d i v v out (2 v / d i v ) v lx ( 1 0 v /d iv ) i lx (1 a / d i v ) 1m s / d i v v ou t (2v/div) v lx ( 1 0 v /d iv ) i lx (1 a / d i v ) 1m s / d i v
r1245x no. ec-269 -1403 1 1 34 21) ou tpu t c u rrent v s . efficienc y (v ersion a/b) r 1245 x 00 x a / r 1245 x 00 x b v ou t =0 .8 v (t a= 25 ) 0 20 40 60 80 10 0 0. 01 0. 1 1 10 1 00 10 00 10 000 i ou t (m a ) e ffi c i e n c y ( % ) vin = 4 . 5 v vin = 6 .0 v vin = 1 8 v r 12 4 5 x 0 0x a / r 1 24 5x 00 x b v ou t =3 . 3 v (t a = 2 5 ) 0 20 40 60 80 10 0 0. 0 1 0 . 1 1 10 10 0 100 0 10 00 0 i ou t (m a ) ef f i ci e n cy (% ) vin = 4 .5 v vin = 1 2 v vin = 2 4 v r1245x 0 0x a / r 124 5x 0 0x b v ou t =5 .0 v (t a = 2 5 ) 0 20 40 60 80 10 0 0. 0 1 0. 1 1 10 1 00 1 00 0 10 000 i ou t (m a ) ef f i ci e n cy (% ) vin = 1 2 v vin = 2 4 v vin = 3 0 v r 12 4 5x 0 0x a/r124 5x 00 x b v ou t =1 2 v ( t a= 25 ) 0 20 40 60 80 10 0 0. 0 1 0 . 1 1 10 10 0 100 0 10 00 0 i ou t (m a ) ef f i ci e n cy ( % ) vin = 1 8 v vin = 2 4 v vin = 3 0 v r1245x00xa/r124 5x 0 0x b v ou t =1 5 v (t a = 2 5 ) 0 20 40 60 80 10 0 0. 0 1 0. 1 1 10 1 00 1 00 0 10 000 i ou t (m a ) ef f i ci e n cy (% ) vin = 24v vin = 30v r1245x00x a / r 1 24 5x 00 x b v ou t =2 4 v ( t a= 25 ) 0 20 40 60 80 10 0 0. 0 1 0 . 1 1 10 10 0 100 0 10 00 0 i ou t (m a ) ef f i ci e n cy ( % ) vin =3 0 v
r1245x no. ec-269 -1403 1 1 35 22) ou tpu t current v s . efficienc y (v ersion c/d) r 12 45x 00x c / r 12 45x 00x d v ou t =0 .8 v (t a= 25 ) 0 20 40 60 80 100 0. 01 0. 1 1 10 10 0 1 000 10 000 i ou t (m a ) ef f i ci e n cy (% ) vi n = 4. 5v vin = 6.0v vin = 1 2 v r 1 24 5x 00 x c / r 1 24 5x 00 x d v ou t =3 .3 v (ta=25 ) 0 20 40 60 80 10 0 0. 0 1 0. 1 1 10 1 00 10 00 1 00 00 i ou t (m a ) ef f i ci e n cy (% ) vin = 4.5v vin = 1 2 v vin = 2 4 v r124 5x 00x c / r 12 45x 00x d v ou t =5 .0 v ( t a= 25 ) 0 20 40 60 80 100 0. 01 0 . 1 1 10 10 0 10 00 10 000 i ou t (m a ) e ffi c i e n c y ( % ) vin = 1 2 v vin = 2 4 v vin = 3 0 v r 1 24 5x 00 xc/r124 5x 00 x d v ou t =1 2 v (t a= 2 5 ) 0 20 40 60 80 10 0 0. 0 1 0. 1 1 10 1 00 10 00 1 00 00 i ou t (m a ) ef f i ci e n cy (% ) vin = 1 8 v vi n = 2 4 v vin = 3 0 v r1245x00x c / r 1 24 5x 00 x d v ou t =1 5 v (t a= 2 5 ) 0 20 40 60 80 10 0 0. 0 1 0. 1 1 10 1 00 10 00 1 00 00 i ou t (m a ) ef f i ci e n cy (% ) vi n = 2 4 v vin = 3 0 v r 1 24 5x 00 x c / r 1 245x00xd v out =24v (t a= 2 5 ) 0 20 40 60 80 10 0 0. 0 1 0. 1 1 10 1 00 10 00 1 00 00 i ou t (m a ) ef f i ci e n cy (% ) vin = 3 0 v
r1245x no. ec-269 -1403 1 1 36 23) ou tpu t c urrent v s . efficienc y (v ersion e/f) r 1 24 5 x 00 x e / r 12 45 x 0 0x f v ou t =0 .8 v (t a= 2 5 ) 0 20 40 60 80 10 0 0. 0 1 0. 1 1 10 1 00 10 00 1 00 00 i ou t (m a ) ef f i ci e n cy (% ) vin = 4. 5v v i n = 6. 0v r 1 24 5x 0 0x e / r 12 45 x 00 x f v ou t =3 .3 v (t a= 2 5 ) 0 20 40 60 80 10 0 0. 01 0 . 1 1 1 0 1 00 1 00 0 1 00 00 i ou t (m a ) ef f i ci e n cy (% ) vin = 4.5v vin = 1 2 v vin = 2 4 v r1245x00x e / r 12 45x 00 x f v ou t =5 .0 v (t a = 2 5 ) 0 20 40 60 80 100 0 . 01 0. 1 1 10 10 0 1 000 100 00 i ou t (m a ) e ffi c i e n c y ( % ) vin = 12v vin = 24v vin = 30v r 1 24 5x 00xe / r 12 45 x 00 x f v ou t =1 2 v (t a= 2 5 ) 0 20 40 60 80 10 0 0. 01 0 . 1 1 1 0 1 00 1 00 0 1 00 00 i ou t (m a ) ef f i ci e n cy (% ) vi n = 2 4 v vin = 3 0 v r 1 24 5 x 00 x e / r 12 45 x 0 0x f v ou t =1 5 v (t a= 2 5 ) 0 20 40 60 80 10 0 0. 0 1 0. 1 1 10 1 00 10 00 1 00 00 i ou t (m a ) ef f i ci e n cy (% ) vin = 2 4 v vin = 3 0 v r 1 24 5x 0 0x e/r1245x0 0 x f v ou t =2 4 v (t a= 2 5 ) 0 20 40 60 80 10 0 0. 01 0 . 1 1 1 0 1 00 1 00 0 1 00 00 i ou t (m a ) ef f i ci e n cy (% ) vin = 3 0 v
r1245x no. ec-269 -1403 1 1 37 24) ou tpu t c urrent v s . efficienc y (v ersion g/h) r 1 24 5 x 00 x g / r 12 45 x 0 0x h v ou t =1 .5 v (t a= 2 5 ) 0 20 40 60 80 10 0 0 . 01 0. 1 1 10 10 0 1 00 0 1 00 00 i ou t (m a ) ef f i ci e n cy (% ) v i n = 4. 5v r 1 245 x 0 0x g / r 1 245 x 0 0x h v ou t =3 . 3 v ( t a= 25 ) 0 20 40 60 80 10 0 0. 01 0. 1 1 10 100 1 000 1 000 0 i out (m a ) ef f i ci e n cy (% ) vi n = 6 v vin = 1 0 v vin = 1 2 v r 1 24 5 x 00 x g / r 12 45 x 0 0x h v ou t =5 .0 v (t a= 2 5 ) 0 20 40 60 80 10 0 0 . 01 0. 1 1 10 10 0 1 00 0 1 00 00 i ou t (m a ) ef f i ci e n cy (% ) v i n = 8. 0v vin = 1 2 v r 1 24 5 x 00 x g / r 12 45 x 0 0x h v ou t =1 2 v (t a= 2 5 ) 0 20 40 60 80 10 0 0 . 01 0. 1 1 10 10 0 1 00 0 1 00 00 i ou t (m a ) ef f i ci e n cy (% ) vin = 2 4 v vi n = 3 0 v
r1245x no. ec-269 -1403 1 1 38 25) ou tpu t c urrent v s output v olt age (v ersion a/b) r1 24 5x 00 x a / r 1 24 5x 00 x b v ou t =0 . 8 v ( t a= 25 ) 0. 7 92 0. 7 94 0. 7 96 0. 7 98 0. 8 00 0. 8 02 0. 8 04 0. 8 06 0. 8 08 0 2 00 4 00 6 00 8 00 1 00 0 1 20 0 i out (m a ) o u t p ut v o lt ag e( v ) vi n = 4 .5 v vin =6 .0 v vin = 1 8 v r1245x00xa/r1245x00xb v out =3.3v ( t a= 25 ) 3. 25 3. 26 3. 27 3. 28 3. 29 3. 30 3. 31 3. 32 3. 33 0 200 4 00 600 80 0 100 0 1 200 i ou t (m a ) o u t put v o lt ag e ( v ) vin = 4.5 v vi n = 1 2 v vin = 24 v r1 24 5x 0 0x a / r 124 5x 0 0 x b v out =5 .0 v (t a = 2 5 ) 4. 9 5 4. 9 7 4. 9 9 5. 0 1 5. 0 3 5. 0 5 0 2 00 4 00 6 00 8 00 1 00 0 1 20 0 i ou t (m a ) o u t p ut v o lt ag e ( v ) vi n = 1 2 v vin = 2 4 v vin = 3 0 v r1245x00xa/ r 124 5x 00x b v ou t =1 2 v ( t a= 25 ) 11 . 9 0 12 . 0 0 12 . 1 0 12 . 2 0 12 . 3 0 0 200 4 00 6 00 8 00 1 000 1 200 i ou t (m a ) o u t put v o lt ag e ( v ) vin = 1 8 v v in = 24v vi n = 3 0 v r1245x00xa/r 124 5x 0 0x b v ou t =1 5 v (t a = 2 5 ) 14 . 80 15 . 00 15 . 20 15 . 40 15 . 60 0 2 00 4 00 6 00 8 00 1 00 0 1 20 0 i ou t (m a ) o u t p ut v o lt ag e ( v ) vin = 2 4 v vin = 3 0 v r 1245 x 00x a / r 124 5x 00x b v out =24v (ta=25 ) 23 . 9 0 24 . 1 0 24 . 3 0 24 . 5 0 24 . 7 0 0 200 4 00 6 00 8 00 1 000 1 200 i ou t (m a ) o u t put v o lt age ( v ) vi n = 30v
r1245x no. ec-269 -1403 1 1 39 26) ou tpu t c urrent v s . outpu t v o lt age (v ersion c/d) r 12 45x 00x c / r 12 45x 00x d v ou t =0 .8 v ( t a= 25 ) 0. 792 0. 794 0. 796 0. 798 0. 800 0. 802 0. 804 0. 806 0. 808 0 200 400 60 0 800 10 00 120 0 i ou t (m a ) o u t put v o lt a ge ( v ) vin = 4. 5v vin = 6.0v vin = 12v r1245 x 00 x c / r 1 24 5x 00 x d v ou t =3 .3 v (t a= 2 5 ) 3. 25 3. 26 3. 27 3. 28 3. 29 3. 30 3. 31 3. 32 3. 33 0 20 0 400 600 8 00 1 00 0 12 00 i ou t (m a ) o u t p u t v o lt ag e (v ) vin = 4.5v vin = 12v vin = 24v r 1 245 x 00 x c / r 1 24 5x 00 x d v ou t =5 .0 v (t a= 2 5 ) 4. 95 4. 97 4. 99 5. 01 5. 03 5. 05 0 20 0 40 0 6 00 800 10 00 12 00 i ou t (m a ) o u t p u t v o lt ag e (v ) vin = 1 2 v vin = 2 4 v vin = 3 0 v r 1 245 x 00 x c / r 1 24 5x 00 x d v ou t =1 2 v (t a= 2 5 ) 11 . 80 11 . 90 12 . 00 12 . 10 12 . 20 0 2 00 40 0 6 00 8 00 10 00 12 00 i ou t (m a ) o u t p u t v o lt ag e (v ) vi n = 1 8 v vi n = 2 4 v vin = 3 0 v r1245 x 00 x c / r 1 24 5x 00 x d v ou t =1 5 v (t a= 2 5 ) 14 . 6 0 14 . 8 0 15 . 0 0 15 . 2 0 15 . 4 0 0 20 0 40 0 6 00 800 10 00 12 00 i ou t (m a ) o u t p u t v o lt ag e (v ) vin = 24v vin = 30v r 1 245 x 0 0xc/r1245x00xd v out =2 4 v (t a= 2 5 ) 23 . 60 23 . 80 24 . 00 24 . 20 24 . 40 0 2 00 40 0 6 00 8 00 10 00 12 00 i ou t (m a ) o u t p u t v o lt ag e (v ) vin = 30v
r1245x no. ec-269 -1403 1 1 40 27) ou tpu t c u rrent v s . outpu t v o lt age (v ersion e/ f) r 1 24 5 x 00 x e / r 12 45 x 0 0x f v ou t =0 .8 v ( t a= 25 ) 0. 79 2 0. 79 4 0. 79 6 0. 79 8 0. 80 0 0. 80 2 0. 80 4 0. 80 6 0. 80 8 0 20 0 40 0 6 00 800 10 00 12 00 i ou t (m a ) o u t p u t v o lt ag e( v ) v i n = 4. 5v r 1 2 45 x 00 x e / r 12 45 x 0 0x f v ou t =3 .3 v (t a= 2 5 ) 3. 25 3. 26 3. 27 3. 28 3. 29 3. 30 3. 31 3. 32 3. 33 0 20 0 400 600 8 00 1 00 0 12 00 i ou t (m a ) o u t p u t v o lt ag e (v ) vin = 4.5v vi n = 12v vin = 24v r 1 2 45 x 00 x e / r 12 45 x 0 0x f v ou t =5 .0 v (t a= 2 5 ) 4. 95 4. 97 4. 99 5. 01 5. 03 5. 05 0 20 0 40 0 6 00 800 10 00 12 00 i ou t (m a ) o u t p u t v o lt ag e (v ) vin = 1 2 v vin = 2 4 v vin = 3 0 v r 1 245x00xe / r 12 45 x 0 0x f v ou t =1 2 v (t a= 2 5 ) 11 . 80 11 . 90 12 . 00 12 . 10 12 . 20 0 2 00 40 0 6 00 8 00 10 00 12 00 i ou t (m a ) o u t p u t v o lt ag e (v ) vin = 2 4 v vin = 3 0 v r1245x00xe / r 12 45 x 0 0x f v ou t =1 5 v (t a= 2 5 ) 14 . 8 0 15 . 0 0 15 . 2 0 15 . 4 0 15 . 6 0 0 20 0 40 0 6 00 800 10 00 12 00 i ou t (m a ) o u t p u t v o lt ag e (v ) vin = 2 4 v vi n = 3 0 v r1245x00xe/r 12 45 x 0 0x f v ou t =2 4 v (t a= 2 5 ) 23 . 60 23 . 8 0 24 . 00 24 . 20 24 . 40 0 2 00 40 0 6 00 8 00 10 00 12 00 i ou t (m a ) o u t p u t v o lt ag e (v ) vin = 3 0 v
r1245x no. ec-269 -1403 1 1 41 28) ou tpu t c u rrent v s . outpu t v o lt age (v ersion g/ h) r 1 245x 00 x g / r 12 45x 00x h v ou t =1 .5 v ( t a= 25 ) 1. 485 1. 490 1. 495 1. 500 1. 505 1. 510 1. 515 0 200 400 60 0 800 1 000 120 0 i ou t (m a ) o u t put v o lt age ( v ) vin = 4.5v r 1 24 5 x 00 x g / r 12 45 x 0 0x h v ou t =3 .3 v (t a= 2 5 ) 3. 25 3. 26 3. 27 3. 28 3. 29 3. 30 3. 31 3. 32 3. 33 0 20 0 400 600 8 00 1 00 0 12 00 i ou t (m a ) o u t p u t v o lt ag e ( v ) vin = 6 v vin = 1 0 v vin = 1 2 v r 1 245x 00 x g / r 12 45x 00x h v ou t =5 .0 v ( t a= 25 ) 4. 95 4. 97 4. 99 5. 01 5. 03 5. 05 0 200 400 60 0 800 1 000 120 0 i ou t (m a ) ou tp u t v o l t a g e ( v ) vin = 8.0v vin = 12v r1245 x 00 x g / r 12 45 x 0 0x h v ou t =1 2 v (t a= 2 5 ) 11 . 8 0 11 . 9 0 12 . 0 0 12 . 1 0 12 . 2 0 0 2 00 40 0 6 00 80 0 1 00 0 12 00 i ou t (m a ) o u t p u t v o lt ag e ( v ) vin = 2 4 v vin = 30v
r1245x no. ec-269 -1403 1 1 42 29) inpu t v o lt age v s . output v o lt age (v ersion a/ b) r 1 245x 0 0x a / r 12 45x 00 x b v ou t =0 .8 v (t a= 2 5 ) 0. 79 2 0. 79 4 0. 79 6 0. 79 8 0. 80 0 0. 80 2 0. 80 4 0. 80 6 0. 80 8 4 6 8 1 0 1 21 4 1 61 8 v in (v ) o u t put v o lt ag e ( v ) iou t = 1 m a iout=100ma iout=500ma iout=1200m a r 1245x 00x a / r 1 245x 00x b v ou t =3 . 3 v (t a = 2 5 ) 3. 27 3. 28 3. 29 3. 30 3. 31 3. 32 3. 33 4 8 12 16 2 0 24 28 v in (v ) o u t put v o lt age ( v ) iou t = 1 m a iout=10ma iout=100ma iout=1200m a r 1 245x 0 0x a / r 12 45x 00 x b v ou t =5 .0 v (t a= 2 5 ) 4. 95 4. 97 4. 99 5. 01 5. 03 5. 05 4 6 8 1 01 21 4 1 6 1 82 02 2 2 4 2 6 2 83 0 v in (v ) o u t put v o lt ag e ( v ) iout = 1 m a iout=100ma i out=500ma iout=1200m a r1245x 00x a / r 1 245x 00x b v ou t =1 2 v (t a = 2 5 ) 11. 95 12. 00 12. 05 12. 10 12. 15 12. 20 12 14 1 6 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 v in (v ) o u t put v ol t age ( v ) iout = 100m a iout=500ma i o ut=1200ma r 1 245x 0 0x a / r 12 45x 00 x b v ou t =1 5 v (t a= 2 5 ) 14. 9 0 15. 0 0 15. 1 0 15. 2 0 15. 3 0 14 16 18 20 22 2 4 26 28 30 v in (v ) o u t put v o lt ag e ( v ) iout= 100m a iout=500ma i o ut =1200ma r1245x00xa / r 1 245x 00x b v ou t =2 4 v (t a = 2 5 ) 23. 80 23. 90 24. 00 24. 10 24. 20 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 v in (v ) o u t put v o lt age ( v ) iout= 100m a iout=500ma i o ut =1200ma
r1245x no. ec-269 -1403 1 1 43 30) inpu t v o lt age v s . output v o lt age (v ersion c/ d) r 12 45x 00x c / r 12 45x 00x d v ou t =0 .8 v (t a= 25 ) 0. 79 0. 79 0. 80 0. 80 0. 80 0. 80 0. 80 0. 81 0. 81 4. 5 6 7. 5 9 10. 5 12 13 . 5 v in (v ) o u t put v o lt age ( v ) 1ma 100ma 50 0m a 1200 m a r1245x0 0 x c / r 1 24 5x 00 x d v ou t =3 .3 v (t a= 2 5 ) 3. 27 3. 28 3. 29 3. 30 3. 31 3. 32 3. 33 4 8 12 16 20 2 4 2 8 v in (v ) o u t p u t v o lt ag e (v ) 1ma 100ma 50 0m a 12 00 m a r 12 45x 00x c / r 12 45x 00x d v ou t =5 .0 v ( t a= 25 ) 4. 95 4. 97 4. 99 5. 01 5. 03 5. 05 4 6 8 1 01 2 1 41 6 1 82 02 22 4 2 62 83 0 v in (v ) ou tp u t v o l t a g e ( v ) 1ma 100ma 500ma 1200m a r 12 4 5x 00x c / r 12 45x 00x d v ou t = 12v (t a = 2 5 ) 11. 80 11. 90 12. 00 12. 10 12. 20 12 14 1 6 18 20 22 24 26 28 3 0 v in (v ) ou tp u t v o l t a g e ( v ) 100ma 500ma 1200ma r 12 45x 00x c / r 12 45x 00x d v ou t = 15v ( t a= 25 ) 14. 60 14. 70 14. 80 14. 90 15. 00 15. 10 15. 20 15. 30 15. 40 14 16 18 20 2 2 2 4 26 28 3 0 v in (v ) o u t put v o lt age ( v ) 100m a 500ma 1200ma r1245x 00x c / r 12 45x 00x d v ou t = 24v (t a = 2 5 ) 23. 80 23. 90 24. 00 24. 10 24. 20 24 25 26 2 7 28 29 3 0 v in (v ) o u t put v o lt a ge ( v ) 100ma 500ma 1200ma
r1245x no. ec-269 -1403 1 1 44 31) inpu t v o lt age v s . output v o lt age (v ersion e/f) r 124 5x 00x e / r 12 45x 00 x f v ou t =0 .8 v (t a= 2 5 ) 0. 79 2 0. 79 4 0. 79 6 0. 79 8 0. 80 0 0. 80 2 0. 80 4 0. 80 6 0. 80 8 4. 5 5 5. 5 6 6. 5 v in (v ) o u t put v o lt ag e ( v ) 1m a 100ma 500ma 1200ma r 1 24 5x 0 0x e / r 12 45 x 00 x f v ou t =3 .3 v (t a= 2 5 ) 3. 27 3. 28 3. 29 3. 30 3. 31 3. 32 3. 33 4 8 12 16 20 2 4 2 8 v in (v ) o u t p u t v o lt ag e (v ) 1ma 100m a 500ma 1200ma r 124 5x 00x e / r 12 45x 00 x f v ou t =5 .0 v (t a= 2 5 ) 4. 95 4. 97 4. 99 5. 01 5. 03 5. 05 5 1 01 52 0 2 53 0 v in (v ) o u t put v o lt ag e ( v ) 1ma 100ma 500ma 120 0m a r1245x0 0x e / r 12 45 x 00 x f v ou t =1 2 v (t a= 2 5 ) 11 . 8 0 11 . 9 0 12 . 0 0 12 . 1 0 12 . 2 0 12 1 4 16 1 8 20 2 2 24 2 6 28 3 0 v in (v ) o u t p ut v o lt ag e ( v ) 100ma 500ma 12 00 m a r 1 24 5x 0 0x e / r 12 45 x 00 x f v ou t =1 5 v (t a= 2 5 ) 14 . 6 0 14 . 8 0 15 . 0 0 15 . 2 0 15 . 4 0 16 1 8 2 0 22 2 4 26 28 3 0 v in (v ) o u t p ut v o lt ag e ( v ) 100ma 500ma 1200m a r 1 24 5x 00xe/ r 12 45 x 00 x f v ou t =2 4 v (t a= 2 5 ) 23 . 6 0 23 . 8 0 24 . 0 0 24 . 2 0 24 . 4 0 26 2 7 28 29 3 0 v in (v ) o u t p ut v o lt ag e ( v ) 100ma 500ma 1200ma
r1245x no. ec-269 -1403 1 1 45 32) inpu t v o lt age v s . output v o lt age (v ersion g/h) r 1 24 5 x 00 x g / r 12 45 x 0 0x h v ou t =1 .5 v (t a= 2 5 ) 1. 48 5 1. 49 0 1. 49 5 1. 50 0 1. 50 5 1. 51 0 1. 51 5 4. 5 4. 7 4. 9 5. 1 5. 3 5. 5 v in (v ) o u t p u t v o lt ag e (v ) 1ma 100m a 500ma 1200ma r124 5 x 00 x g / r 12 45 x 0 0x h v ou t =3 .3 v (t a= 2 5 ) 3. 27 3. 28 3. 29 3. 30 3. 31 3. 32 3. 33 4. 5 5. 5 6. 5 7. 5 8 . 5 9. 5 10 . 5 11 . 5 12 . 5 v in (v ) o u t p u t v o lt ag e (v ) 1ma 100ma 500ma 1200ma r 1 24 5 x 00 x g / r 12 45 x 0 0x h v ou t =5 .0 v (t a= 2 5 ) 4.95 4. 97 4. 99 5. 01 5. 03 5. 05 6 8 10 12 1 4 1 6 18 v in (v ) o u t p u t v o lt ag e (v ) 1ma 100ma 500ma 12 00m a r 1 245x00xg / r 12 45 x 0 0x h v ou t =1 2 v (t a= 2 5 ) 11 . 80 11 . 90 12 . 00 12 . 10 12 . 20 14 1 6 18 2 0 2 2 2 4 26 28 30 v in (v ) o u t p u t v o lt ag e (v ) 100ma 500ma 1200ma
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